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The Pacific Games (: Jeux du Pacifique), is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from . The inaugural Games took place in 1963 in , , and most recently in 2023 in Honiara, Solomon Islands. The Games were called the South Pacific Games from 1963 to 2007. The Pacific Games Council (PGC) organises the Games and oversees the host city's preparations. Athletes with a disability are included as full members of their national teams. In each sporting event, are awarded for first place, are awarded for second place, and are awarded for third place.

Ten cities in seven countries and territories have hosted the Pacific Games. Four countries have hosted the games three times: (1963, 1979, 2003), (1966, 1987, 2011), Papua New Guinea (1969, 1991, 2015) and (1983, 2007, 2019). , who hosted in 1971 and 1995, will become the fifth country to host the Games for the third time in 2027. The United States territory of have hosted the Games twice in 1975 and 1999. The hosted the event for the first time in 2023.

Only six countries have attended every edition of the Pacific Games: , (), , Papua New Guinea, , and . New Caledonia have dominated fourteen out of the seventeen Pacific Games, Papua New Guinea with two, and Fiji with one.


History

Concept
The idea of holding the South Pacific Games originated with Dr A.H. Sahu Khan who was one of Fiji's representatives at a meeting of the South Pacific Commission held at Rabaul during 1959. The idea was adopted and led to a meeting of nine Territories, held in Nouméa during March 1961, which awarded Fiji the honour of hosting the very first Games.


Creation
During 1962, the South Pacific Commission founded the South Pacific Games Council, with the first ever Games being held at Suva, Fiji. In the 40 years since, Games have been held in 12 countries and territories within the region. Initially the Games were held at three-year intervals although this was subsequently expanded to four following the Games in .

As a residual consequence of the of the Pacific from the early part of the 18th Century onwards, many nations who participated in the first Games (of 1963) were under predominantly or territorial rule. Understandably this generated a certain amount of confusion as both British and French flags and dominated proceedings and were occasionally used together for winning countries.
(now ) was the only country with a flag and anthem of its sovereignty as it was the only participating independent island nation at that time. As time went on, fledgling nations gradually achieving sovereignty of their own sought to extricate themselves from their colonial past and new national anthems and flags emerged. Nevertheless, English and French remain the official languages of the Games.

Like other sporting events, the South Pacific Games has experienced slight controversies. A minor dispute that still continues today is the scheduling of events landing on a Sunday. Throughout the , the Sabbath remains very important (sporting events or similar activity are illegal in for example) and scheduling at such a time would be frowned upon. The events themselves have also been affected by religious sensitivities, notably where the official uniform of for women has been forced to give way to more conservative attire. Bikinis out, Shorts in at Beach Volleyball Pacific Radio News - Niue FM, 29 August 2007 However other larger nations within the region or those loosely associated with more states (e.g. (), (), and ()) are more moderate in this regard.

Other global and regional events have also influenced and shaped the Games' history. In 1995, the year , hosted the Games, many countries took the decision to boycott as a direct protest at French in the Pacific. French tests: Opposition grows , article summarising the response to French nuclear testing in the Pacific from World Information Service on Energy retrieved 19 February 2007 The Games, however, returned to near full regional participation in the following event in 1999, held on .

The first objective of the Pacific Games Council, according to its Charter, is

"To create bonds of kindred friendship and brotherhood amongst people of the countries of the Pacific region through sporting exchange without any distinctions as to race, religion or politics."
The Games were initiated to promote and develop sport amongst the nations and peoples of the South Pacific. After fifty years in existence, The South Pacific Commission changed its name to the Pacific Community.


Modern day games
The XII South Pacific Games held in , saw for the first time the introduction of a full program of 32 sports. That program included sports that are synonymous with the Pacific region as well as sports that have a limited participation and are generally not well established.

A strong corporate sponsorship package a first for the games enabled the organizers to work with a free hand towards their aims of making the games a success. A colorful and effective media and publicity campaign generated much interest and enthusiasm among the public in Fiji. Schools and youth groups were involved in interactive programs such as the adopt-a-country program also a first for the games.

The XIII Pacific Games were hosted in , . They were the 13th to have been held since 1963. In contrast to the which are expected to generate income for the host nation, the 2007 Pacific Games were expected to leave Samoa US$92million in debt, predominantly as a result of expenditure on large-scale infrastructure projects such as bridges and roads.

Potential debt positions notwithstanding, five nations (Papua New Guinea, , , and ) bid for the 2015 Pacific Games. The Games were ultimately awarded to , Papua New Guinea and follow the 2011 Pacific Games held in Nouméa, New Caledonia. However the rising cost (purportedly in excess of $1 billion) and the logistical burden of putting on the games continue to threaten countries' abilities to host the event.


Pacific Games Council
The games governing body is the Pacific Games Council. The Games council flag is presented to the host nation of the next games at the end of every games. With expansion and economic growth in the Pacific and Oceania countries of the Pacific Islands, the South Pacific Games Council decided to modernise and revise its charter in light of these changes in the region and the changing place of Sport in our society, thus the council adapted a new charter in 2007.

The current President of the Council is from .


Member associations
Membership of the Council includes internationally recognised National Multisport Organisations within countries and territories who are members of the Pacific Community. There are currently 22 members, 15 of which are members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The are the only Pacific Community member that is not a member of the Pacific Games Council, whereas was admitted as a member of the Council despite not being a member of the Pacific Community.

In July 2014, the Oceania National Olympic Committees voted to allow and to take part in the 2015 Pacific Games. The risk of seeing the two wealthy, populous developed nations dominate the competition had previously prevented their inclusion. They were allowed to send participants only in rugby sevens, sailing, taekwondo and weightlifting — sports where other Pacific countries had proved sufficiently competitive against them in the past. New Zealand was allowed to compete in the 2019 men's football competition with an U-23 team, which won the gold medal. Australia and New Zealand have since continued to compete on an invitational basis.

In 2018, the Council created an "associate membership" category for other territories in Oceania. Potential candidates for membership include Bougainville, , Western New Guinea, and .

American Samoa National Olympic Committee (ASNOC) asnoc.org/
Cook Islands Sports and National Olympic Committee (CISNOC) oceaniasport.com/cookis
Federated States of Micronesia National Olympic Committee (FSMNOC) oceaniasport.com/fsm
Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee (FASANOC) fijiolympiccommittee.com
Guam National Olympic Committee (GNOC) oceaniasport.com/guam
Kiribati National Olympic Committee (KNOC) oceaniasport.com/kiribati
Marshall Islands National Olympic Committee (MINOC) oceaniasport.com/marshalls
Nauru Olympic Committee oceaniasport.com/nauru
Comité Territorial Olympique et Sportif de Nouvelle-Calédonie (CTOS) www.ctos.nc
Niue Island Sports and Commonwealth Games Association (NISCGA) oceaniasport.com/niue
Norfolk Island Amateur Sports & Commonwealth Games Association sportingpulse.com/assoc_page.cgi?assoc=3852
Northern Marianas Amateur Sports Association sportingpulse.com/assoc_page.cgi?assoc=3859
Palau National Olympic Committee (PNOC) oceaniasport.com/palau
oceaniasport.com/png
Samoa Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee (SASNOC) oceaniasport.com/samoa
Solomon Islands National Olympic Committee (NOCSI) oceaniasport.com/solomon
Comité olympique de Polynésie française (COPF) www.copftahiti.com
Tokelau Sports Federation sportingpulse.com/assoc_page.cgi?assoc=3861
Tonga Sports Association and National Olympic Committee (TASANOC) oceaniasport.com/tonga
Tuvalu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee (TASNOC) oceaniasport.com/tuvalu
Vanuatu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee (VASANOC) oceaniasport.com/vanuatu
Comité Territorial Olympique et Sportif des Iles Wallis et Futuna (CTOSWF) wallisetfutuna.franceolympique.com


Editions

Editions
+Overview of the Pacific Games ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Year ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Edition ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Host city ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Host Association ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Opened by ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Sports ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Events ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Teams ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Start date ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"End date ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Competitors ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Top Association ! rowspan=1 style="background:#2874A6; color:white;"Ref
1963 Sir Kenneth Maddocks1329 Aug.646
1966 NouméaUnknown148 Dec.1200
1969 Papua New GuineaPrince Edward12 1150
1971 1425 Aug.2000
1975 Tamuning 131 Aug.1205
1979 Unknown1928 Aug.2672
1983 135 Sep.2500
1987 NouméaUnknown128 Dec.1650
1991 Prince Andrew167 Sep.2000
1995 Unknown1225 Aug.2000
1999 Santa Rita Unknown2129 May3000+
2003 2228 Jun.5000
2007 2225 Aug.5000
2011 Nouméa2227 Aug.4300
2015 Prince Andrew244 Jul.3700
2019 Va'aletoa Sualauvi II247 Jul.3500
2023 Manasseh Sogavare2419 Nov.5000
2027 TBA2424 Jul.TBD
2031 Nuku'alofa TBA24''TBD


Sports
There are 37 sports approved by the Pacific Games Council, as at December 2017. In accordance with the Pacific Games Charter, a maximum 24 sports shall be contested at every games starting from the 2023 games and onwards.


Core sports
The number of Pacific Games core sports is 17, effective for the 2023 Games. The core sports are required to be included at every edition of the games. Sailing and Triathlon were made core sports in 2016, and Archery was added in 2021.

Details for each core sport, up to and including the 2023 games, are presented in the table below:

Archery 8 times1971–1975, 1995, 2003–2011, 2019–present
Athletics All1963–present
Basketball(5x5) All1963–present
(3x3) 2 times2019–present
Boxing All1963–present
Football 16 times1963–1995, 2003–present
Golf 15 times1969–present
Judo 12 times1969–1979, 1987, 1995–2011, 2019–present
Outrigger canoeing 8 times1995–present
Rugby sevens 7 times1999–present
Sailing 14 times1969–1979, 1987–present
Swimming 16 times1963–1979, 1987–present
Table tennis All1963–present
Taekwondo 8 times1995–present
Tennis All1963–present
Triathlon 8 times1995–present
Volleyball(indoor) All1963–present
(beach) 7 times1999–present
Weightlifting 16 times1966–present


Optional sports
There are 20 optional sports could be chosen for inclusion at a games, as selected by the host city organising committee. Details for each optional sport, up to and including the 2023 games, are presented in the table below:

Badminton 4 times2003–2011, 2019
Baseball 4 times1999–2011
Billiards NeverN/A
Bodybuilding 6 times1995, 2003–2015, 2023
Cricket 8 times1979, 1987–1991, 2003–2019
Cycling 5 times1966, 1971–1975, 1987, 1995
Field hockey 5 times1979, 2003–2007, 2015, 2023
NeverN/A
Karate 6 times1995–2003, 2011–2015, 2023
Lawn bowls 7 times1979, 1983, 1991, 2003–2007, 2015–2019
Netball 13 times1963–1969, 1979–1983, 1991–2007, 2015–2023
Powerlifting 7 times1995, 2003–present
Rugby league nines 4 times2007, 2015–2023
Shooting 7 times1987, 1995, 2003–2019
NeverN/A
Softball 6 times1969–1975, 1991, 2007, 2015
Squash 9 times1979–1991, 2003–2019
Surfing 4 times1995, 2003–2011
Touch rugby 5 times2003–2007, 2015–2023
Wrestling 2 times1999, 2007


Former sports
Former sports include (replaced by rugby 7s) and (last contested in 1999).

Rugby union 9 times1963–1971, 1979–1995
Underwater fishing 4 times1971–1975, 1995–1999

Also included at the 2009 Pacific Mini Games was rugby league 7s (now replaced by rugby league 9s).

Notes:

The 3x3 format was added as an extra discipline for basketball in 2019 after being included at the Mini Games in 2017.
     

Volleyball and beach volleyball disciplines have been listed as one sport for the purposes of the Games program since some time after the bids for the XV Games (in conjunction with the maximum number of sports being reduced from 28 to 26 for the XVI Games).
     

Netball is a women's competition only.
     

Touch rugby is an optional sport but men's, women's and mixed tournaments must be included if touch rugby is selected.


All-time medal table
Officially, the final medal tally of the Games does not recognize a winner, regarding competition and fair play more highly.

*Note : Nation(s) in italics no longer participate at the Pacific Games.

Updated after the 2023 Pacific Games.


See also
    • South Asian Games
    • West Asian Games
    • Central Asian Games
    • Southeast Asian Games
  • Pan American Games
    • South American Games
  • The Pacific Community
  • Pacific Mini Games
  • Youth Olympic Games
  • Commonwealth Games
  • Commonwealth Youth Games
  • Micronesian Games
  • Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
  • Jeux de la Francophonie


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